(p. 2) Two Spains: Black Legend vs. White Legend
(p. 6) "In what we may call its normal condition Spain is a collection of small, mutually hostile or indifferent republics held together in a loose federation."
(p. 11) Richard Ford: Spain is not one country but several.
(p. 34) Seneca the Elder was born in Cordoba
(p. 50) Athanagild was the first of the Visigothic monarchs to make Toledo his capital
(p. 61) Cordoba replaced Toledo as the administrative centre of the peninsula
(p. 69) Territorial expansion made possible a routine of pastoral transhumance between mountain and plain
(p. 92) Encubierto (the Hidden One), the Mulcielgao (the Bat) and the New David
(p 100) Sola Fida
(p. 106) Great pogrom of 1291. From 1449 onwards, a series of anti-Semitic pogroms would again disrupt many towns, culminating in the pogrom of 1473 which, starting in Cordoba, led to massacres in many Andalusian towns.
(p. 116) Spain shrinking to modest dimensions among the empires of the world was a regression to normalcy.
(p. 128) Uniquely among European monarchies of the period, Spain experienced no serious aristocratic rebellion.
(p. 134) Struggle of universal against local Christianity. In Spain it was, at least in part, a confrontation between rural and urban spirituality.
(p. 145) Fears that God had deserted his Spaniards.
(p. 180) [In 1773] the pope abolished the Company of Jesus.
(p. 187) Spain was becoming divided into three distinct regions that foreshadowed nineteenth-century politics: the underdeveloped interior, oligarchic, agrarian Andalusia; and the prosperous periphery of the north and east.
(p. 189) The froth of new ideas did not concern them. Very soon, however, matters of state would embroil their society, the monarchy would quake, and the Old Regime would come to an end.
(p. 200) [In 1813] The pope reestablished the Company of Jesus as a bulwark against revolution, and Jesuits were welcomed back to Spain.
(p. 201) Moderados vs. Exaltados
(p. 216) The Bible in Spain by George Barrow
(p. 224) Spain's greatest writers, Galdos, the Dickens of Spain, and Clarin (the pen-name of Leopold Alas), whose La Regenta is a psychological masterpiece, had published major works before 1898.
(p. 226) Tragic Week of 1909
(p.231) Arrests and torture not only revived in Europe the Black Legend of Spain as the country of the Inquisition.
(p. 239) Jose Ortega y Gasset: "The time is coming when, form politics to art, society will again be organized as it must be, into two orders: that of the men of excellence and that of the ordinary man."
(p. 246) These laicizing measures, however, infuriated the church hierarchy and further alienated it from the new state.
(p. 247) An insurrection in January 1932 in Catalonia brought libertarian communism to the Llobregat valley for four days.
(p. 254) Bishop of Salamanca's September 30, 1936 pastoral address: "On the soil of Spain a bloody conflict is being waged between two conceptions of life, two forces preparing for universal conflict in every country of the earth." The war, he went on, "takes the external form of a civil war, but in reality it is a Crusade."
(p. 257) To the English poet Cecil Day Lewis, it was a "battle between light and darkness."
(p. 261) Historic capital of the Basque Country, Guernica
(p 264) The Republic's defeat was ensured by the failure of the democracies of France and Britain to come to its aid. Both had failed to grasp the seriousness of the Nazi and fascist threat to European democracy.
(p. 267) Hitler on meeting Franco: "Rather than go through that again, I would prefer to have three or four teeth taken out."
- Hitler called Franco "that fat little sergeant"
- Franco called Hitler "a stage actor"
(p. 275) Three years after his death, Franco's regime had been dismantled and replaced by a modern pluralist democracy based on universal suffrage.
